Function of parts of eye
The eye as a whole is the visual organ of the body that helps us see the world and understand the happenings in a better way by using this sense of body. The different parts of the eye have some different functions as well that add to the sensory function of the eye.
Eyelid
Eyelid is not only to beautify it with the art of makeup. It has some functions as well. The eyelid when rubs on the surface of the eyeball spread the tear-film on the eye evenly specifically on the cornea. The tear acts as a source of lubrication for the eye preventing it from dryness.
The eyelids have glands that secrete lipids in the tear film to sustain the tear film on the surface of the eyeball. The tear film also acts as a source of removal of foreign body that enters the eye through surrounding environment dust.
Eyelashes
Eyelashes are present at the anterior border of eyelid and they also protect the eye from the invasion of foreign body.
Cornea
It is the transparent structure present anteriorly. It is highly refractive surface which is convex. It converges the light rays and direct them to the lens of the eye. Its refractive power is +43 diopters. It adds great contribution to the overall refracting power of eye which is around +60 diopters.
Sclera
The white visible portion of eye is sclera. It gives the shape and rigidity to the eyeball. The basic round structure of the eye is made by this.
Pupil
Its the circular opening made by the iris of the eye. The genetic makeup of the individual determines the color of the iris which we generally call the color of the eyeball or color of lens. The pupil controls the amount of light entering the eye. In constricts in bright light to prevent the excessive light to enter the eye as it can harm the innermost layer of the eye which is retina.
Lens
Lens is present behind the pupil and iris. The lens is convex structure that converges the light rays so that they can make an image on the surface of retina. The refractive power of the lens is around +16 diopters.
Aqueous humor
It is transparent liquid present in the anterior segment of eyeball. It is present between cornea and lens. The ciliary body of the uveal tract secretes aqueous humor. It is transparent so that light can pass through it. It gives nutrition to the cells of lens and cornea. It also washes away the waste materials of lens.
Vitreous humor
It is the transparent gel like structure present between retina and posterior portion of the lens. Its gel like consistency give the eye an intact shape.
Retina
It is the portion of the eye in which the light rays fall in a pattern that an image is formed. The retina of the eye is the innermost portion of the eye. Its neurosensory part carries the information regarding the image formed on the eye to the optic nerve.
The message of image formation is taken to the visual parts of the brain cortex. It is the art to see the world with the help of both eyes simultaneously.
Lacrimal gland
It plays major role in producing tears of eyes. It contributes for the water content of the tear film. The middle layer of eye is uvea. It is made up of choroid, ciliary process and iris. The choroid is the vascular structure and provides oxygen and nutrients to the retina of eyeball.
Founder of EyesMatterMost- an optometry student who loves talking about eyes. I tend to cover topics related to optometry, ophthalmology, eye health, eyecare, eye cosmetics and everything in between. This website is a medium to educate my readers everything related to eyes.